Convolution Kernel
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A Convolution Kernel is when you use specific matrix transformations (known as convolutions) into a image's kernel to create a wide variety of effects. Working with these kernels can create a wide variety of effects, from blurs to sharpens and more.
While many effects in modern editors stem from a convolution kernel they usually limit editing to just that one style of effect; working with convolution kernels directly is rare as it often requires a linear algebra background and the manual editing of many matrix points.
Effect Types
Edge Detection
Sharpen
Gaussian Blur
A special type of Blur based on the Gaussian function.
Unsharp Mask
An unsharp mask is a type of convolution kernel where the image is masked with a copy that is blurred (or "un-sharpened"). This can make a clearer image that may have less detail.
Unsharp masks have been a very popular choice in tennis in the late 2010's, popularized by players like mafar_.